2024 Geology Homework

__________ rocks are formed from crystallization of molten magma.

When magma cools slowly and creates visible crystals, it is called an __________ igneous rock.

When magma cools on the surface of the Earth quickly, it is called an ___________ igneous rock.

______ rocks are formed when pieces of other rocks are cemented together, and can also be formed when minerals dissolve in water and redeposit as the water evaporates.

__________ rocks are formed when heat and pressure cause changes to the chemical or physical structure of a rock.

What are the three primary geological parts (layers) of the Earth?

_________ plates are made from dense, extrusive igneous rock overlaid with sedimentary rock, while __________ plates are made from less dense igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic rocks.

Oceanic _________ creates fissures in earth crust which allows magma to form new crust on the ocean floor.

The San Andreas Fault Zone is an example of two plates sliding past each other. What is this called?

______ happens when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate and is driven under the continental plate.

The Big Bend area is a crustal block that was dropped down along two fault lines as a result of spreading along the Rio Grande Rift.  This is called __________ rifting.

__________ is the study of the composition, sequence, and origin or rocks, what the rocks are made of, how they were formed, and the order in which the layers were formed.

________ rocks are, often called the “basement complex” and thought to form the foundation of continental masses which underlie all of Texas.

During the Middle-__________ time, Texas was covered by a shallow sea which deposited sandstone.

The Guadalupe Mountains were once a _____.

Layers of soil consist of various materials, including weathered rock and decomposed organic matter.  These layers are called ________, and together create a soil ______.

The four physical properties of soil are:

There are nine major aquifers in Texas. An aquifer is a rock or soil that contains and transmits water in significant quantities.

The rocks rhyolite, andesite and basalt are examples of __________ rocks.

The rocks slate, marble, schist and gneiss are examples of __________ rocks.